kotak tinggalkan saja

Intro : D A Bm G D
*courtesy of LirikLaguIndonesia.net
F#m Gm A
Bila ku berjumpa kau bikin ku terpesona
F#m Gm A
Hati ku berkata seperti kau yang ku damba
F#m Gm A
Benak hati tak bisa menahan lagi
F#m Gm A
Meski ada yang memiliki

Reff
D A Bm G
Aku tak bisa melihat kau bersamanya
D A Bm G
Tapi tak seharusnya dengan dia kau bercinta

F#m Gm A
Jika kau merasa apa yang telah aku rasa
F#m Gm A
Kau bilanglah saja kau tak lagi cinta dia
F#m Gm A
Benak hati tak bisa menahan lagi
F#m Gm A
Pasti engkau akan ku nanti

Balik ke Reff

G A Bm
Tinggalkan lah dia lupakan lah saja
G A D
Tinggalkan, lupakan

Interlute : Em Bm D G A
Balik ke Reff 2x

G A Bm D
Tinggalkan lah dia lupakan lah saja dia

perih

Dirimu…
tak pernah menyadari
semua…
yang telah kau miliki
kau buang aku, tinggalkan diriku
kau… hancurkan aku seakan ku tak pernah ada
*courtesy of LirikLaguIndonesia.net
Aku kan bertahan
meski takkan mungkin
menerjang kisahnya
walau perih… walau perih…

salahkah…
aku terlalu cinta
berharap..
semua kan kembali
kau buang aku,tinggalkan diriku
kau.. hancurkan aku
seakan ku tak pernah ada

Aku kan bertahan
meski takkan mungkin
menerjang kisahnya
walau perih… walau perih…

Aku kan bertahan
meski takkan mungkin
menerjang kisahnya
walau perih…

Aku kan bertahan
meski takkan mungkin
menerjang kisahnya
walau perih… walau perih…
walau perih….walau perih…

lirik lAgu bondan and fade 2black

Artist : Bondan Prakoso
Lirik Lagu : Bondan Prakoso - Kau Puisi

Lirik Lagu Bondan Prakoso - Kau Puisi



Yo baby kau sosok yang punyai arti
Kau Puisi ketika datang sepi
Saat nikmati indah sunset pantai kuta
Hadirmu jadi pelengkapku di tata surya
Aku butuh dunia.. dan kau
sebagai pendamping ketika ku rasakan galau
Aku butuh cinta.. dan kau
adalah tema saatku rasakan galau

Kau ada untuk melengkapi diriku
Kau tercipta untuk menutupi kekuranganku
L. O. V. E. yang membuatku bisa bertahan
Seperti rumput yang tak kan tumbang oleh topan
Emosi, perasaan, jaminan rasa aman
Kau sanggup taklukan hati dengan sebuah senyuman
Aku berdiri karna kau hadir di sisi
Your my everything baby..
kau takkan pernah terganti..

Kaulah belahan hatiku
yang terangi aku
dengan cintamu
Kau hangatkan jiwaku
dan slimuti aku
dengan kasihmu

Ku coba gapai apa yang kau ingin
Saat ku terjatuh sakit kau adalah aspirin
Coba menuntunmu agar ada di dalam track
Kau catatan terindah di dalam teks
Dan aku mengerti apa yang kau mau,
hargai dirimu, menjadi imammu
Karna kau diciptakan dari tulang rusukku
selain itu karna kau bagian dariku.

Dan dirimu damaikan..
hatiku.. yeah..
Dan artimu..
tak akan.. berakhir..

lirik lagu

Artist : Bondan Prakoso
Lirik Lagu : Bondan Prakoso Ft. Fade 2 Black - Bunga

Bondan Prakoso Ft. Fade 2 Black - Bunga

dengar resapi
ucapkan dan jangan berhenti
karena semua pertanyaan perlahan menghampiri
mendekat dan merusak sistem kerja otak kiri
setiap detik berdetak, menusuk-nusuk di hati
kembali terlihat raut wajahmu di angan
taburan cinta mengikuti semua senyuman
tapi dalam hati ini tak bisa ungkapkan
nyaliku menciut, terlalu siang ‘tuk diucapkan
sekali lagi ku ingin kau mengerti
rasa cinta ini sungguh sangat menyakiti
tapi ku hanya makhluk yang tidak bermateri
dipandang sebelah mata, tak punya reputasi

reff:
seakan mataku tertutup
kuingin cinta ini dapat kau sambut
harapkan perasaan ini kau tahu
sungguh ku ingin kau jadi milikku

ingin sekali ku katakan ‘aku suka padamu’
namun cinta ini siksa jika ku ‘gak ada kamu
hendak jiwa kan memikatmu di sisi
namun berat untuk mengucap, cukup untuk kukagumi
A-B-C-D, ku harap kau mengerti
semua ini bukan cerita narasi deskripsi
hanya perasaan suka namun sulit hati berkata
bukan fiktif sedikit naif hanya sebuah realita
cinta ini derita kuharap kau juga merasa
apa yang kurasa tanpa banyak tanda tanya
rasa ini fakta, selektif bukan posesif
ku tak ingin berdusta
ku cinta kau Bunga

reff:
seakan mataku tertutup
kuingin cinta ini dapat kau sambut
harapkan perasaan ini kau tahu
sungguh ku ingin kau jadi milikku

dapat kucinta kala fiagram bagai sebuah media
cinta berlepas birahi tanpa disertai kata jiwa dan raga
kulihat karya semua berbeda, pandanganku takkan pernah sama
dirinya aku cinta dengan pandangan yang tak sama
lelah; melepuh; bahkan memvonis diriku salah
dengan berjuta inaugurasi takkan menghasilkan apa-apa
karena cinta tercipta sebagai puas nafsu semata
takkan mengerti arti cinta karena kau hanyalah Bunga

back reff:
seakan mataku tertutup
kuingin cinta ini dapat kau sambut
harapkan perasaan ini kau tahu
sungguh ku ingin kau jadi milikku

Rumors abounded, speculating Rossi would switch from two wheels to four wheels some time after 2008. Initially these rumours centered on Rossi switching to Formula One and his test drives of the Ferrari F1 car received heavy media coverage.

Most recently Rossi tested the Ferrari in 2006 on January 31, February 1, and February 2 at Valencia, later in 2008. The first test saw Rossi spin out on the damp track into the gravel trap, ending his day. On the second day, he posted the ninth fastest time of fifteen drivers, approximately one second behind Michael Schumacher, who himself was third fastest. Rossi lapped faster than seasoned drivers Red Bull Racing's Mark Webber and David Coulthard and Toyota F1's Jarno Trulli.[13] On the final day of testing, Rossi was just a little more than a half second behind Schumacher's best time.[14] Schumacher hailed Rossi as having immense talent and said he would be perfectly capable of moving to Formula One and being competitive immediately.

On May 24, 2006, Rossi announced that he would be staying in MotoGP until he felt his work on the motorbike was "finished." Ferrari driver Schumacher said that he felt "saddened" by Rossi's decision but supported it. Rossi subsequently signed a new contract with Yamaha for the 2007 and 2008 seasons, then for 2009 and 2010. The two-year contracts were notable as after leaving Honda at the end of the 2003 season Rossi had refused to sign contracts of more than a year.

Beyond his interest in F1, Rossi's strong passion is for rallying. His first official foray into rallying came in 2002 at WRC Rally Great Britain, in which he crashed out on the second stage (first non-superspecial stage). He subsequently raced a factory Subaru Impreza car in the Rally of Monza in November 2005.

On October 11, 2006 it was announced that Rossi would enter that year's Rally New Zealand, a WRC event which was to run from November 17-19.[15] He competed in a Subaru WRC car finishing 11th out of 39. On November 26 2006 Rossi also won the annual Monza Rally driving a Ford Focus WRC car. He beat the 2005 rally victor Rinaldo Capello by 24 seconds, winning five of the seven stages on his way. He also managed to outpace former WRC Champion Didier Auriol by seven seconds in the head-to-head Master Show final. Rossi also announced at the 2006 Monza rally, that he would be entering the 2007 Rally of Great Britain, however, he later opted out. At the 2007 Monza Rally, Rossi again took first place.

Rossi has been linked with a move to both Formula One and the World Rally Championship in the past 18 months, having tested for Ferrari and competed in a number of rally events.[16]

But Rossi decided to remain in Moto-GP; "I have a contract with Yamaha until 2008," said Rossi. "When that finishes then we will see. What I am sure about is that I will ride until I'm 31 or 32 at most. I will look for new stimuli in the next few seasons, but for now I am fully motivated."[17]. Rossi signed a new two year contract confirming he will be at Yamaha until 2010.[18] He originally planned to use the Impreza WRC2008 during his participation in the Rally GB in December 2008,[19] but decided to drive a Ford Focus WRC instead.[20] He finished the rally in 12th place, 13 minutes and 20.4 seconds behind eventual winner Sebastian Loeb.[21]

[edit]
Valentino Rossi has had numerous nicknames during his racing career. His first prominent nickname was "Rossifumi." Rossi explained the etymology of this nickname as a reference and tribute to fellow rider Norifumi Abe.

His next nickname appeared some time around his days racing in the 250 cc World Championship. The nickname "Valentinik" was a reference to the Italian Donald Duck superhero, "Paperinik."

Since his dominance in 500 cc and MotoGP, Rossi has used the nickname "The Doctor." This has been attributed to his "cold and clinical dismantling of his opponents" as well as his cool and calm composure in racing compared to his frenetic days in 125 cc and 250 cc where his performance was erratic and dangerous, resulting in numerous crashes. Two theories prevail as to why Rossi is entitled to "The Doctor." One is that Rossi adopted the nickname upon having earned a degree, which in Italy entitles one to use the title "Doctor.." Another, as spoken by Graziano himself, "The Doctor because, I don't think there is a particular reason, but it's beautiful, and is important, The Doctor. And in Italy, The Doctor is a name you give to someone for respect, it's very important, The Doctor... important". Although Valentino often jokes that the name arrived because in Italy, Rossi is a common surname for Doctors. These days Rossi rarely crashes and in fact holds the record for the longest streak of consecutive podiums. From September 8, 2002 to April 18, 2004, he stood on the podium at the end of all 23 races including every race in 2003.

He has always raced with the number #46 in his motorcycle grand prix career. Rossi has stated that the original inspiration for this choice of number was the Japanese "wild card" racer Norifumi Abe whom he saw on television speeding past much more seasoned riders in a wet race. He later found out that it was the number his father had raced with in the first of his 3 grand prix career wins, in 1979, in Yugoslavia, on a 250c Morbidelli. Typically, a World Championship winner (and also runner-up and third place) is awarded the #1 sticker for the next season. However, in a homage to Barry Sheene (who was the first rider of the modern era to keep the same number, #7), Rossi has stayed with the now-famous #46 throughout his career. The text on his helmet refers to the name of his group of friends: "The Tribe of the Chihuahua," and the letters WLF on his leathers stand for "Viva La Figa," Italian for "Long Live Pussy." He has so far escaped any sanctions or ultimatums that he remove the letters because the "W" in "WLF" represents the two "V"s in "ViVa". Equally obvious is his success at escaping any disciplinary action from the FIM or Dorna for having the letters so brazenly on the front neck area of his leathers. He traditionally also incorporates his favorite color (fluorescent yellow) into his leather designs. Though Rossi won the MotoGP title seven times he never put the number 1 on his motorcycle representing the World Champion, instead staying with his famous "46". But Rossi has worn the #1 reserved for the reigning World Champion on the shoulder of his racing leathers.

Fellow motorcycle racer and former team mate Colin Edwards, as well as some TV journalists have often referred to him as 'the GOAT' (Greatest of all Time).[citation needed]Colin Edwards says this in the film 'Faster'

Earlier in his career Max Biaggi was considered Rossi's main rival. At one time his website didn't even have Max's name; instead a glaring "XXX XXXXXX" was placed wherever his name should have appeared. Although they hadn't even raced against each other until 2000, the rivalry between the two had been growing since the mid-'90s. The rivalry has started to die down over recent years due to Rossi 's consecutive World Championships and Biaggi's struggle to find support and a consistent rhythm with his races. Biaggi looked to improve on recent results with a ride with Honda's factory team in 2005. However, he was off the team and unemployed once the 2006 season rolled around.

In his autobiography "What If I Had Never Tried It", Rossi makes a number of claims about the reasons for his rivalry with Biaggi, and some of the incidents which led to its escalation. The rivaly was also featured in the 2003 documentary film, Faster.

During one incident at Suzuka in 2001, Rossi alleges that Biaggi elbowed him on the straightway at 220 km/h to prevent him from overtaking.[citation needed] This caused Rossi to lose a lot of time and drop several places, but he managed to make up the time and eventually overtook Biaggi to win the race. As he overtook Biaggi, he took his left hand from the handlebars of his bike and gave Biaggi the middle-finger.[11]

By the time the 2001 season had moved to Barcelona, the animosity from Suzuka had festered.[citation needed] After the race (which Rossi won), the pair got into a fist-fight before the podium presentation. The tension was evident in the press conference, although the media hadn't yet found out what had happened. The Dorna officials took Rossi and Biaggi aside immediately after the press conference and ordered them not to talk about the incident, and to play it down.[citation needed] Neither rider was sanctioned for the incident.

At the next Grand Prix in Assen, Honda organized a press conference to put the events of Barcelona behind them. Rossi and Biaggi shook hands in front of the media, and that effectively ended the feud. After that, although they have had run-ins on track, the media frenzy surrounding them and any incidents off-track calmed down.[citation needed]

Rossi's main rival in the 2003/2004/2005 seasons was Sete Gibernau, riding with Team Gresini's Movistar Honda team on a satellite RC211V in 2004 and then on an all but in name factory RC211V, which Gibernau helped to develop, in 2005. Initially they were quite friendly in the paddock and off - Gibernau partied on occasions with Rossi at the Italian's Ibiza villa - but a souring in their relationship began in the 2004 season and culminated in the "Qatar Incident" that same season when Rossi's team was penalized for "cleaning" his grid position to aid in traction, along with Honda Pons' Max Biaggi, and both riders were subsequently forced to start from the back of the grid. A number of teams, including Gibernau's Team Gresini and the official Repsol Honda factory team, appealed successfully to race direction for Rossi to be sanctioned. Rossi and his chief mechanic, Jeremy Burgess, insisted that they were doing nothing more than what many others had done before when faced with a dirty track and Rossi accused Gibernau of being behind the move to appeal for a sanction, something the Spaniard categorically denied.[citation needed]

Since then the two have not spoken and Rossi seemed to resolve to use the incident to apply psychological pressure on Gibernau. He is said to have sworn that after the Qatar race, which Gibernau won while Rossi crashed out after rising to 6th position, he would do everything to make sure that Gibernau never stood on the highest step of the podium again.[citation needed] Gibernau retired from Grand Prix racing after an unsuccessful, injury blighted 2006 season with Ducati and he never won another race after Qatar, prompting some in the Spanish and Italian motorcycle racing media to explain this fact by way of reference to the "Qatar curse."[citation needed] But he returned at the end of 2008, after tests on the 2008 Ducati convinced him that he could still be competitive in MotoGP, and signed to ride a Ducati in 2009.

In 2007, Casey Stoner emerged as a rival for Rossi. Coupled with a Ducati, the young Australian won the first race of the year, followed by many more victories resulting in his claiming of the 2007 MotoGP World Championship title. Stoner's and Rossi's rivalry came to a dramatic climax at Laguna Seca in 2008. After numerous position changes, Rossi attempted to overtake Stoner through the corkscrew. This bold move caused Rossi to run wide into the gravel, and his rejoining the track came close to causing a collision between the two riders. A few laps later Stoner went into the gravel on the slow entry into turn 11, yet picked up the bike to finish second while Rossi took the win. After this, Casey Stoner made the comment 'I have lost respect for one of the greatest riders in history'. For the comment, Stoner apologized to Rossi at the next race.[12]

There was much speculation during the second half of the 2003 season about Rossi's plans for the future.[citation needed] Some people suspected that he would succeed in his bid to claim a third consecutive title and wondered where he would go in the future. His contract with Honda was up at the end of the year and there were rumors that Rossi had become somewhat disillusioned with his ride at Honda. His tenure at Honda had effectively run its course; he had provided Honda with a 500 cc World Championship as well as consecutive MotoGP World Championships.

Partnered with increased scepticism that the reason for his success was the dominance of the RC211V rather than Rossi, it was inevitable that Honda and Rossi would part. Mid-season rumors pointed towards a possible move to Ducati, which sent the Italian press into a frenzy; the concept of the great Italian on the great Italian bike seemed too good to be true. Ducati did indeed try to seduce Rossi into riding their MotoGP bike, the Desmosedici, but for numerous reasons Rossi passed the offer up. Critics say that compared to the other manufacturers, Ducati had a significant way to go before being competitive even with Rossi at the helm. This proved to be the truth with Ducati's lackluster performance in the 2004 season, which had actually been worse than their inaugural year in MotoGP in 2003.

In his 2005 autobiography, "What If I'd Never Tried It?", Rossi offers another reason for choosing Yamaha over Ducati, saying that the mindset at Ducati Corse was a little too similar to the one he was trying to escape from at Honda.

Ultimately, Rossi signed a two-year contract with rivals Yamaha reportedly worth in excess of (U.S) $12 million; a price no other manufacturer, even Honda, was willing to pay.

His fiercest critics[clarification needed] claimed that on an inferior machine (the Yamaha YZR-M1), Rossi would not be able to recreate his World Championship wins of the previous years, especially with increased development of the RC211V and the likes of Max Biaggi and Sete Gibernau on Hondas. The RC211V was a superior machine in almost every aspect although it was guaranteed that the gap would shrink with the defection of Rossi and Jeremy Burgess (chief mechanic for Rossi at Honda, whom Rossi had also convinced to join). The 2004 season would give Rossi the ability to show everyone, especially his critics, what he was made of and provide him with an opportunity to prove that it was his talent rather than his bike that won him his championships.

With the traditional first race of the season at Suzuka off the list due to safety considerations, the 2004 season started at Welkom in South Africa. Rossi won 8 more GP wins during the season, battling Sete Gibernau ferociously until Rossi eventually closed the door on Sete's hopes in the penultimate race of the season at Phillip Island. Gibernau and Rossi had become bickering enemies during the course of the season; whereas in previous seasons they had been competitive but friendly rivals, various disputes arose during 2004 which led to their falling apart. Rossi would continue to rub salt into the wound for both Gibernau and Honda by winning the ultimate race of the season at Valencia. It was a painful blow to both Gibernau and Honda; Gibernau, so close to a World Championship, and Honda, starting to become aware of what they had let go. Valentino Rossi ended up with 304 points to Gibernau's 257, with Max Biaggi 3rd with 217 points.

In 2005 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Rossi captured his 7th World Championship and 5th straight MotoGP Championship. He finished with a total of 367 points, an incredible 147 points ahead of 2nd place finisher Marco Melandri (220 pt), and Nicky Hayden finishing 3rd with 206 points.

The 2006 MotoGP season started off with Rossi, once again, being the favorite to take the Championship, but he had trouble in the first half of the season. Rossi finished 14th in Jerez, making a comeback after Toni Elias pushed him at the very first corner, and had a pair of DNFs in Shanghai and Le Mans due to tyre and electronic problems respectively. Nicky Hayden held the points lead throughout most of the season, but Rossi was slowly working his way up the points ladder. It wasn't until Motegi when Rossi finally grabbed 2nd in the points race behind Hayden. In the Portuguese Grand Prix, the second to last race of the season, Hayden was taken out by his teammate, Dani Pedrosa, and did not finish the race. This led to Rossi taking the points lead with only one race left in the season. Rossi crashed early in Valencia, the last race, and Hayden went on to win the 2006 MotoGP Championship. Rossi finished the season in 2nd place.

Valentino Rossi returned to MotoGP for the 2007 season riding the new Yamaha YZR-M1 800 cc. In the first race in Qatar he came second to Casey Stoner on the Ducati Desmosedici. In the second round of the season Rossi won the Race with Dani Pedrosa in second place and Colin Edwards in third giving both Yamaha riders podiums. Casey Stoner returned to winning ways in the third and fourth races of the season at the Turkish and Chinese grand prix on his Ducati, which has enjoyed a top speed advantage over the rest of the field. Another reason for Stoner's consistency during the 2007 season in comparison with Rossi's mixed results is the advantage Ducati's tyre supplier, Bridgestone, appeared to have over its rival, Michelin, who then supplied tyres for Rossi's factory Yamaha.

Rossi's 10th position at Turkey was put down to a defective tyre and while he managed to bounce back to a second place on the podium at China, a poor tyre recommendation from Michelin was blamed for his 6th place finish in the wet French grand prix at Le Mans. Bridgestone riders took all 3 places on the podium at the French tyre giant's home race, and Rossi went on the record to say that Michelin must urgently address various weaknesses. Rossi won at his home race, the Italian grand prix at Mugello, ahead of Dani Pedrosa, also Michelin-shod on his factory Honda. Championship leader Casey Stoner was beaten to the last podium place at Mugello by Brazilian veteran Alex Barros on a satellite Ducati with Bridgestone tyres.

Rossi's grip on the championship loosened slightly at Catalunya and Donington, finishing second and fourth respectively to winner Casey Stoner, however the Assen race was won by Rossi who charged through the field from 11th on the grid after a poor wet qualifying session to challenge and eventually beat Casey Stoner to the chequered flag by 1.5 seconds. At the half-way point of the 2007 season Rossi was the closest challenger to Casey Stoner's title aspirations, trailing by 21 world championship points. In the month of June, commonly called "Rossi's month" with races consisting of Mugello, Catalunya, Donington Park and Assen, both Valentino Rossi and Casey Stoner have scored 83 points each; 2 x 1st place, 1 x 2nd place and 1 x 4th place. This has been done in conditions favourable to the Italian manufacturer and in some cases left Rossi on the fourth row with a point to prove.

Sachsenring saw a disastrous performance from the Italian. After qualifying fourth on the grid, whilst Stoner took pole, Rossi had to use raceday to his advantage. Come Sunday, Rossi lined up with a fever of 102 degrees and dropped down to 8th by the end of the first lap. A pass on Randy de Puniet at the tight Omega corner saw Rossi lose the front, catch it then lose it completely and skid off into the gravel where his right hand clip on was damaged leaving him out of the race on lap 6. Luckily problems for Bridgestone in the blistering heat saw Stoner finish 5th stretching his championship lead by 11 points to 32 ahead of "The Doctor". A visit to Laguna Seca for the USGP, Rossi finished 4th place behind Stoner, Vermeulen, and Melandri respectively.

The end to the summer break in the 2007 season landed the MotoGP paddock at Brno, with various new changes to the Fiat Yamaha. Qualifying 6th for the race start on Sunday morning after struggling in free practice, Rossi spent his rear Michelin early on in the race chasing Capirossi to make it up to 5th. Eventually tyre issues got the best of the 7 times world champion and Rossi crossed the finish line in 7th, a whole 22 seconds behind 1st place man Casey Stoner. This left Rossi 60 points behind the Championship leader with only 150 points up for grabs.

Misano saw Rossi starting from 2nd on the grid behind Casey Stoner. An engine failure five laps in resulted in Rossi falling 85 points behind Stoner as he finished first.

A start from 3rd on the grid in Estoril ended in a no holds barred race with Pedrosa as they both accelerated out of the last corner sideways for Rossi to take the race win and gain 9 points in the World Championship on Stoner who finished in third.

For 2008 Rossi changed to Bridgestone tyres. The season started slowly with a fifth place finish in Qatar, but he took his first win in Shanghai, and also won the next two races. Mid-season, Stoner's Ducati seemed too strong for him, but Rossi took many second places, excluding the Dutch round at Assen, where he crashed on the first lap and finished 11th. Rossi then won at Laguna Seca after an incredible pass down the corkscrew over Stoner, who crashed but continued and took the second place. Stoner crashed out from the lead in next two races whilst under pressure from Rossi, and failed to score, while Rossi won both. After winning a rain-shortened race in Indianapolis, once again completing the achievement that he has won in every current circuit in the calendar, he needed only third place in Motegi to win. He won at Motegi too, his first win there with a four-stroke bike, clinching his first title in 800cc MotoGP, sixth in premier category, and eighth in total.

On June 8, 2009, Valentino Rossi rode a Yamaha around the famous Isle of Man TT Course in an exhibition lap along-side fellow Italian motorcycle legend Giacomo Agostini, in what was called 'The Lap of the Gods'.[9]

On June 27 2009, at the Dutch TT in Assen, he clinched his 100th victory, becoming the second rider in motorcycle grand prix history to reach 100 wins.[10]

[edit]

Rossi riding his Honda RC211V MotoGP bike.The inaugural year for the MotoGP bikes was 2002, when riders experienced teething problems getting used to the new bikes. Rossi won the first race and went on to win eight of the first nine races of the season, eventually claiming 11 victories in total.

It was more of the same in 2003 for Rossi's rivals when he claimed nine pole positions as well as nine GP wins to claim his third consecutive World Championship. The Australian GP at Phillip Island in 2003 is considered by many observers to be one of Rossi's greatest career moments due to unique circumstances. After being given a 10-second penalty for overtaking during a yellow flag due to a crash by Ducati rider Troy Bayliss, front runner Rossi proceeded to pull away from the rest of the field, eventually finishing more than 15 seconds ahead, more than enough to cancel out the penalty and win the race.

Rossi riding his Honda RC211V MotoGP bike.The inaugural year for the MotoGP bikes was 2002, when riders experienced teething problems getting used to the new bikes. Rossi won the first race and went on to win eight of the first nine races of the season, eventually claiming 11 victories in total.

It was more of the same in 2003 for Rossi's rivals when he claimed nine pole positions as well as nine GP wins to claim his third consecutive World Championship. The Australian GP at Phillip Island in 2003 is considered by many observers to be one of Rossi's greatest career moments due to unique circumstances. After being given a 10-second penalty for overtaking during a yellow flag due to a crash by Ducati rider Troy Bayliss, front runner Rossi proceeded to pull away from the rest of the field, eventually finishing more than 15 seconds ahead, more than enough to cancel out the penalty and win the race.

Valentino Rossi was born in Urbino, then the family moved to Tavullia. Son of Graziano Rossi, a former motorcycle racer, he first began riding at a very young age.[4]

Rossi's first racing love was go-karts. Fuelled by his mother, Stefania's, concern for her son's safety, Graziano purchased a go-kart as substitute for the bike. However, the Rossi family trait of perpetually wanting to go faster prompted a redesign; Graziano replaced the 60cc motor with a 100cc national kart motor for his then 5-year-old son.[5]

Graziano attempted to forge documents in an attempt to get Valentino's junior kart licence one year before he was legally allowed (he was nine at the time), but ultimately failed.[citation needed]

Rossi won the regional kart championship in 1990.[6] After this he took up minimoto and before the end of 1991 had won numerous regional races.[4]

Rossi continued to race karts and finished fifth at the national kart championships in Parma. Both Valentino and Graziano had started looking at moving into the Italian 100cc series, as well as the corresponding European series, which most likely would have pushed him into the direction of Formula One. However, the high cost of racing karts led to the decision to race minimoto exclusively[citation needed]. Through 1992 and 1993, Valentino continued to learn the ins and outs of minimoto racing.

As Rossi soon started to outgrow minimoto, a proper motorcycle was required. In 1993, he acquired a Cagiva Mito 125cc motorcycle, which was damaged in a first-corner crash no more than a hundred metres from the pit lane.[citation needed] He finished ninth that race weekend.

Although his first season in the Italian Sport Production Championship was varied, he achieved a pole position in the season's final race at Misano, where he would ultimately finish on the podium. By the second year, Rossi had been provided with a factory Mito by Cagiva team manager Claudio Lusuardi and managed to win the Italian title.

In Rossi's youth one of his heroes was the late former WRC Champion Colin McRae. Rally legend McRae taught Rossi the basics of driving a rally car.[7] The two competed against each other at Monza in 2005, with McRae driving a Skoda Fabia WRC and Rossi winning in a Subaru Impreza WRC.[8]

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Valentino Rossi

Valentino Rossi
Nationality Italian
Date of birth February 16, 1979 (1979-02-16) (age 30)
Place of birth Urbino, Italy
Website valentinorossi.com
MotoGP Record
Current team Fiat Yamaha Team
Bike number 46
Championships 9
125cc - 1997
250cc - 1999
500cc - 2001
MotoGP - 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009
Race starts 227
Wins 103
Podium finishes 164
Pole positions 58
Fastest laps 83
Points 4026
2009 championship position 1st (306 pts)
Valentino Rossi, (born February 16, 1979 in Urbino),[1] is an Italian professional motorcycle racer and multiple MotoGP World Champion. He is one of the most successful motorcycle racers of all time, with 9 Grand Prix World Championships to his name. According to Sports Illustrated, Rossi is one of the highest earning sports personalities in the world, having earned an estimated $34 million in 2007.[2]

Following his father, Graziano Rossi, Rossi started racing in Grand Prix in 1996 for Aprilia in the 125cc category and won his first World Championship the following year. From there, he moved up to the 250cc category with Aprilia and won the 250cc World Championship in 1999. He won the 500cc World Championship with Honda in 2001, the MotoGP World Championships (also with Honda) in 2002 and 2003, and continued his streak of back-to-back championships by winning the 2004 and 2005 titles after leaving Honda to join Yamaha, before regaining the title in 2008 and retaining it in 2009.[3]

Rossi is first in all time 500 cc/MotoGP race wins standings, with 77 victories, and second in all time overall wins standings with 103 race wins (behind Giacomo Agostini with 122).

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For the composer, see Antony Hopkins.
Anthony Hopkins

Anthony Hopkins at Tuscana Sun Festival Cortona (2009)
Born Philip Anthony Hopkins
31 December 1937 (1937-12-31) (age 71)
Port Talbot, Wales
Occupation Actor
Years active 1967–present
Spouse(s) Petronella Barker
(1967–1972) (divorced)
Jennifer Lynton
(1973–2002) (divorced)
Stella Arroyave
(2003–present)
Sir Philip Anthony Hopkins, CBE (born 31 December 1937) is a Welsh film, stage and television actor. Considered to be one of film's greatest living actors,[1][2][3] he is known for his portrayal of cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter in the 1991's The Silence of the Lambs, its sequel, Hannibal, and its prequel, Red Dragon. His other notable film credits include Magic, The Elephant Man, 84 Charing Cross Road, Dracula, Legends of the Fall, The Remains of the Day, Amistad, Meet Joe Black, The Mask of Zorro, The World's Fastest Indian, Hearts in Atlantis, Nixon and Fracture. Hopkins was born and raised in Wales, and became a U.S. citizen on 12 April 2000. He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2003 and was made a Fellow of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts in 2008.

Contents
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Acting style
2.2 Hannibal Lecter
3 Personal life
4 Other work
5 Awards
6 Filmography
7 References
8 External links


[edit] Early life
Hopkins was born in Margam, Port Talbot, Wales, the son of Muriel Anne (née Yeats) and Richard Arthur Hopkins, a baker.[4] His schooldays were unproductive. A loner with dyslexia, he found that he would rather immerse himself in art, such as painting and drawing or playing the piano, than attend to his studies. In 1949, to instill discipline, his parents insisted he attend Jones' West Monmouth Boys' School in Pontypool, Wales. He remained there for five terms and was then educated at Cowbridge Grammar School, Cowbridge, Wales.

Hopkins was influenced and encouraged to become an actor by compatriot Richard Burton, whom he met briefly at the age of 15. To that end, he enrolled at the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama in Cardiff, Wales from which he graduated in 1957. After a two-year spell conscription into the Army for National Service, he moved to London where he trained at RADA.

[edit] Career
In 1965, after several years in repertory, he was spotted by Sir Laurence Olivier, who invited him to join the Royal National Theatre. Hopkins became Olivier's understudy, and filled in when Olivier was struck with appendicitis during a production of August Strindberg's The Dance of Death. Olivier later noted in his memoir, Confessions of an Actor, that, "A new young actor in the company of exceptional promise named Anthony Hopkins was understudying me and walked away with the part of Edgar like a cat with a mouse between its teeth."[5]

Despite his success at the National, Hopkins tired of repeating the same roles nightly and yearned to be in movies. In 1968, he got his break in The Lion in Winter playing Richard I, along with Peter O'Toole, Katharine Hepburn, and future James Bond star Timothy Dalton, who played Philip II of France.

Although Hopkins continued in theatre (most notably at the National Theatre as Lambert Le Roux in Pravda by David Hare and Howard Brenton and as Antony in Antony and Cleopatra opposite Judi Dench as well as in the Broadway production of Peter Shaffer's Equus, directed by John Dexter) he gradually moved away from it to become more established as a television and film actor. He made his small-screen debut in a 1967 BBC broadcast of A Flea in Her Ear. He has since gone on to enjoy a long career, winning many plaudits and awards for his performances. Hopkins was made a Commander of the British Empire (CBE) in 1987, and a Knight Bachelor in 1993 [6] In 1996, Hopkins was awarded an honorary fellowship from the University of Wales, Lampeter.

Hopkins has stated that his role as Burt Munro, whom he portrayed in his 2005 film The World's Fastest Indian, was his favourite. He also asserted that Munro was the easiest role that he had played because both men have a similar outlook on life.[7]

In 2006, Hopkins was the recipient of the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement. In 2008, he received the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award.

Hopkins is set to portray Odin, the father of Thor in the upcoming film adaptation of Marvel Comics's Thor.[8]

[edit] Acting style
Hopkins is renowned for his preparation for roles. He has confessed in interviews that once he has committed to a project, he will go over his lines as many times as is needed (sometimes upwards of 200) until the lines sound natural to him, so that he can "do it without thinking". This leads to an almost casual style of delivery that belies the amount of groundwork done beforehand. While it can allow for some careful improvisation, it has also brought him into conflict with the occasional director who departs from the script, or demands what the actor views as an excessive number of takes. Hopkins has stated that after he is finished with a scene, he simply discards the lines, not remembering them later on. This is unlike others who usually remember their lines from a film even years later.[9] Richard Attenborough, who has directed Hopkins on five occasions, found himself going to great lengths during the filming of Shadowlands (1993) to accommodate the differing approaches of his two stars (Hopkins and Debra Winger), who shared many scenes. Whereas Hopkins liked to keep rehearsals to a minimum, preferring the spontaneity of a fresh take, Winger rehearsed continuously. To allow for this, Attenborough stood in for Hopkins during Winger's rehearsals, only bringing him in for the last one before a take. The director praised Hopkins for "this extraordinary ability to make you believe when you hear him that it is the very first time he has ever said that line. It's an incredible gift."[5]

In addition, Hopkins is a gifted mimic, adept at turning his native Welsh accent into whatever is required by a character. He duplicated the voice of his late mentor, Laurence Olivier, for additional scenes in Spartacus in its 1991 restoration. His interview on the 1998 relaunch edition of the British TV talk show Parkinson featured an impersonation of comedian Tommy Cooper.

[edit] Hannibal Lecter
Hopkins' most famous role is as the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1992, opposite Jodie Foster as Clarice Starling, who won for Best Actress. The film won Best Picture, Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay. It is the shortest lead performance to win an Oscar, as Hopkins only appears on screen for little over sixteen minutes. Hopkins reprised his role as Lecter twice (Hannibal in 2001, Red Dragon in 2002). His original portrayal of the character in The Silence of the Lambs has been labelled by the American Film Institute as the number-one film villain.[10] At the time he was offered the role, Hopkins was making a return to the London stage, performing in M. Butterfly. He had come back to Britain after living for a number of years in Hollywood, having all but given up on a career there, saying, "Well that part of my life's over; it's a chapter closed. I suppose I'll just have to settle for being a respectable actor poncing around the West End and doing respectable BBC work for the rest of my life."[5]

Hopkins played the iconic villain in adaptations of the first three of the Lecter novels by Thomas Harris. The author was reportedly very pleased with Hopkins' portrayal of his antagonist. However, Hopkins stated that Red Dragon would feature his final performance as the character, and that he would not reprise even a narrative role in the latest addition to the series, Hannibal Rising.

[edit] Personal life

Hopkins at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2005As of 2007, Hopkins resides in the United States. He had moved to the country once before during the 1970s to pursue his film career, but returned to Britain in the late 1980s. However, he decided to return to the U.S. following his 1990s success. He became a naturalized citizen on 12 April 2000, and celebrated with a 3,000-mile road trip across the country.

Hopkins has been married three times. His first two wives were Petronella Barker (1967–1972) and Jennifer Lynton (1973–2002). He is now married to Colombian-born Stella Arroyave. He has a daughter from his first marriage, Abigail Hopkins (b. 20 August 1968), who is an actress and singer.

He has offered his support to various charities and appeals, notably becoming President of the National Trust's Snowdonia Appeal, raising funds for the preservation of the Snowdonia National Park and to aid the Trust's efforts to purchase parts of Snowdon. A book celebrating these efforts, Anthony Hopkins' Snowdonia, was published together with Graham Nobles. Hopkins also takes time to support various philanthropic groups. He was a Guest of Honour at a Gala Fundraiser for Women in Recovery, Inc., a Venice, California-based non-profit organization offering rehabilitation assistance to women in recovery from substance abuse. Although he resides in Malibu, California he is also a volunteer teacher at the Ruskin School of Acting in Santa Monica, California.

Hopkins is an acknowledged alcoholic[11] who has been sober since 1975. Hopkins is known to be a joker while on set, lightening the mood during production by barking like a dog before filming a scene, according to a Tonight Show interview broadcast on 9 April 2007.

Hopkins is a prominent member of environmental protection group Greenpeace and as of early 2008 featured in a television advertisement campaign, voicing concerns about Japan's continuing annual whale hunt.[12] Hopkins has been a patron of RAPt (Rehabilitation for Addicted Prisoners Trust) since its early days and helped open their first intensive drug and alcohol rehabilitation unit at Downview (HM Prison) in 1992.

He is an admirer of the comedian Tommy Cooper. On 23 February 2008, as patron of The Tommy Cooper Society, the actor unveiled a commemorative statue in the entertainer's home town of Caerphilly. For the ceremony, Hopkins donned Cooper's trademark fez and performed a comic routine.[13]

[edit] Other work
Hopkins is a talented pianist. In 1986, he released a single called "Distant Star". It peaked at #75 in the UK charts. In 2007, he announced he would retire temporarily from the screen to tour around the world.[14] Hopkins has also written music for the concert hall, in collaboration with Stephen Barton as orchestrator. These compositions include The Masque of Time, given its world premiere with the Dallas Symphony Orchestra in October 2008, and Schizoid Salsa.[15]

In 1996, Hopkins directed his first film, August, an adaptation of Chekhov's Uncle Vanya set in Wales. His first screenplay, an experimental drama called Slipstream, which he also directed and scored, premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in 2007.

Hopkins is a fan of the BBC sitcom Only Fools and Horses, and once remarked in an interview how he would love to appear in the series. Writer John Sullivan saw the interview, and with Hopkins in mind created the character Danny Driscoll, a local villain. However, filming of the new series coincided with the filming of The Silence of the Lambs, making Hopkins unavailable. The role instead went to his friend Roy Marsden.[16]

Hopkins has played many famous historical and fictional characters including:

John Quincy Adams (Amistad, 1997)
Pierre Bezukhov (War and Peace, 1972)
William Bligh (The Bounty, 1984)
Donald Campbell (Across the Lake, 1988)
Count Galeazzo Ciano (Mussolini and I, 1985)
Charles Dickens (The Great Inimitable Mr Dickens, 1970)
John Frost (A Bridge Too Far, 1977)
Bruno Hauptmann (The Lindbergh Kidnapping Case, 1976)
Abraham Van Helsing (Bram Stoker's Dracula, 1992)
Adolf Hitler (The Bunker, 1981)
Hrothgar (Beowulf, 2007)
Dr. John Harvey Kellogg (The Road to Wellville, 1994)
Dr. Hannibal Lecter (The Silence of the Lambs, 1991)
(Hannibal, 2001) (Red Dragon, 2002)
C. S. Lewis (Shadowlands, 1993),
David Lloyd George (Young Winston, 1972)
Marcus Crassus (Jeff Wayne's Musical Version of Spartacus, 1992)
Burt Munro (The World's Fastest Indian, 2005)
Richard Nixon (Nixon, 1995)
Iago (Othello, 1981)
Paul the Apostle (Peter and Paul, 1981)
Pablo Picasso (Surviving Picasso, 1996)
Ptolemy I Soter (Alexander, 2004)
Quasimodo (The Hunchback of Notre Dame, 1982)
Yitzak Rabin (Victory at Entebbe, 1976)
Richard Lionheart (The Lion in Winter, 1968)
Titus Andronicus (Titus, 1999)
Frederick Treves (The Elephant Man, 1980)
Don Diego de la Vega/Zorro (The Mask of Zorro, 1998)


[edit] Awards
Besides his win for The Silence of the Lambs, Hopkins has been Oscar-nominated for The Remains of the Day (1993), Nixon (1995) and Amistad (1997).

Hopkins won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in 1973 for his performance as Pierre Bezukhov in the BBC's production of War and Peace, and additionally for The Silence of the Lambs and Shadowlands. He received nominations in the same category for Magic and The Remains of the Day and as Best Supporting Actor for The Lion in Winter.

He won Emmy Awards for his roles in The Lindbergh Kidnapping Case and The Bunker, and was Emmy-nominated for The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Great Expectations.[17] He won the directing and the acting award, both for Slipstream, at Switzerland's Locarno International Film Festival.

Hopkins became a Fellow of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) at the Orange British Academy Film Awards in February 2008.[18]

In 1979 Anthony Hopkins became an Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music, London.[19]

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Anthony Hopkins

Anthony Hopkins
Lahir Philip Anthony Hopkins
31 Desember 1937
Margam, Port Talbot, West Glamorgan, Wales, Britania Raya
Sir Anthony Hopkins, CBE (hɒpkɪnz) (lahir di Margam, Port Talbot, West Glamorgan, Wales, Britania Raya, 31 Desember 1937; umur 71 tahun) adalah pemeran film, teater dan televisi pemenang Academy Award dan Emmy Award. Ia dilahirkan dan dibesarkan di Wales, tapi telah menjadi warganegara Amerika Serikat sejak 12 April 2000.

Green PeafowlThe Indian Peafowl is monotypic, while the Green Peafowl has 3 subspecies, P. muticus spicifer, P. m. imperator and the nominate P. m. muticus.[2] The two species are largely allopatric but will hybridize in captivity.

While the form of Green Peafowl in Yunnan is not separated taxonomically, it differs in a few aspects from other forms, particularly in its forest-dwelling habits, an "odd, monal-like bill," a curiously long hind toe and longer, more slender wings (K. B. Woods in litt. 2000) [3]. Some have suggested this is a new subspecies.

Some pheasant breeders have suggested that the Green Peafowl may have more subspecies.[4][5]

Peafowl have sometimes been included in a distinct family from Pheasants [6].

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Jump to: navigation, search
"Peacock" redirects here. For other uses, see Peacock (disambiguation).
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Pavo (genus). (Discuss)
This article needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2008)
Peafowl

An Indian Blue Peacock (rear) courts a peahen (front)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Galliformes

Family: Phasianidae

Genus: Pavo
Linnaeus, 1758

Species
Pavo cristatus
Pavo muticus


The term peafowl can refer to the two species of bird in the genus Pavo of the pheasant family, Phasianidae. The African Congo Peafowl is placed in its own genus Afropavo and is not dealt with here. Peafowl are best known for the male's extravagant tail, which it displays as part of courtship. The male is called a peacock, the female a peahen[1], though it is common to hear the female also referred to as a "peacock" or "female peacock." The female peafowl is brown or toned grey and brown.

The two species are:

Indian Peafowl, Pavo cristatus (Asiatic)
Green Peafowl, Pavo muticus (Asiatic)
The Indian Peafowl is a resident breeder in the Indian subcontinent. The peacock is designated as the national bird of India.

The Green Peafowl breeds from Burma east to Java. The IUCN lists the Green Peafowl as vulnerable to extinction due to hunting and a reduction in extent and quality of habitat.

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Not to be confused with Frank Williams Racing Cars, formed by Frank Williams in 1967.
Williams-Toyota
Full name AT&T WilliamsF1 Team
Base Grove, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
Team principal/s Frank Williams
Patrick Head
Technical director Sam Michael
2009 Formula One season
Race drivers 16. Nico Rosberg
17. Kazuki Nakajima
Test drivers Nico Hülkenberg
Chassis Williams FW31
Engine Toyota RVX-09
Tyres Bridgestone
2010 Formula One season
Race drivers Rubens Barrichello[1]
Nico Hülkenberg[1]
Test drivers TBA
Chassis Williams FW32
Engine Cosworth
Tyres Bridgestone
Formula One World Championship Career
Debut 1978 Argentine Grand Prix
Latest race 2009 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix
Races competed 520
Constructors' Championships 9 (1980, 1981, 1986, 1987, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997)
Drivers' Championships 7 (1980, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997)
Race victories 113
Pole positions 125
Fastest laps 130
2009 position 7th (34.5 points)
Formula One portal
WilliamsF1, the trading name of Williams Grand Prix Engineering Ltd., is a Formula One (F1) motor racing team and constructor. It was founded and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. The team was formed in 1977 after two earlier and, compared with WilliamsF1's achievements, unsuccessful F1 operations, Frank Williams Racing Cars and Walter Wolf Racing. All of WilliamsF1 chassis are called "FW" then a number, the FW being the initials of team owner, Frank Williams.

Williams' first race was the 1977 Spanish Grand Prix, where the new team ran a March chassis for Patrick Nève. Williams started manufacturing its own cars the following year, and Switzerland's Clay Regazzoni won Williams' first race at the 1979 British Grand Prix. At the 1997 British Grand Prix, Canadian Jacques Villeneuve won the team's 100th race, making Williams one of only three teams in Formula One, alongside Ferrari and fellow British team McLaren, to win 100 races. Williams won nine Constructor's titles between 1980 and 1997. This stood as a record until Ferrari surpassed it in 2000.

Many famous racing drivers have driven for Williams, including Australia's Alan Jones; Finland's Keke Rosberg; Britain's Nigel Mansell, Damon Hill and Jenson Button; France's Alain Prost; Brazil's Nelson Piquet and Ayrton Senna, and Canada's Jacques Villeneuve, each of whom, with the exception of Senna and Button, have captured one Drivers' title with the team. After Senna died in a Williams car in a crash at the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix, Frank Williams, Patrick Head and designer Adrian Newey were all accused of manslaughter. The trial finally closed in 2005, when Williams, Head and Newey were cleared of any wrongdoing.

Williams have worked with many notable engine manufacturers, most successfully with Renault: Williams won five of their nine constructors' titles with the French company. Along with Ferrari, McLaren, and Renault (formerly Benetton), Williams is one of the "Big Four" teams that won every constructors' championship between 1979 and 2008 and every driver's championship from 1984 to 2008. Williams remains the only one independently owned, as the other three "factory teams" have been set up by or bought out by major automobile manufacturers.

[edit] Career summary
Season Series Team Name Races Poles Wins Points Final Placing
1989 Formula Ford 1600 Dunlop/Autosport ? ? ? ? ? 1st
Formula Ford 1600 P&O Ferries Junior ? ? ? ? ? 1st
Formula Ford Festival ? 1 0 0 N/A 3rd
1990 Formula Opel Lotus Euroseries ? 11 1 ? ? 5th
Formula Vauxhall Lotus ? ? ? ? 80 4th
British Touring Car Championship Cook Racing 1 0 0 4 33rd
1991 British Formula Three Paul Stewart Racing 16 0 5 66 2nd
Macau Grand Prix Paul Stewart Racing 1 0 1 N/A 1st
Masters of Formula Three Paul Stewart Racing 1 0 1 N/A 1st
Formula Three Fuji Cup ? 1 1 0 N/A 2nd
1992 International Formula 3000 Paul Stewart Racing 10 0 0 11 9th
Macau Grand Prix Paul Stewart Racing 1 0 0 N/A NC
1993 International Formula 3000 Pacific Racing 9 0 1 25 3rd
Formula One Williams - - - - Test driver
Le Mans 24 Hours GT Class TWR Jaguar Racing 1 - - N/A DSQ
1994 Formula One Williams 8 0 0 14 8th
International Formula 3000 Vortex 1 0 0 6 9th
1995 Formula One Williams 17 5 1 49 3rd
1996 Formula One McLaren 16 0 0 18 7th
1997 Formula One McLaren 17 0 2 36 3rd
1998 Formula One McLaren 16 3 1 56 3rd
1999 Formula One McLaren 16 0 2 48 4th
2000 Formula One McLaren 17 2 3 73 3rd
2001 Formula One McLaren 17 2 2 65 2nd
2002 Formula One McLaren 17 0 1 41 5th
2003 Formula One McLaren 16 0 1 51 7th
2004 Formula One McLaren 18 0 0 24 10th
2005 Formula One Red Bull 19 0 0 24 12th
2006 Formula One Red Bull 18 0 0 14 13th
2007 Formula One Red Bull 17 0 0 14 10th
2008 Formula One Red Bull 18 0 0 8 16th

[edit] Complete Formula One results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 WDC Points
1994 Rothmans Williams Renault Williams FW16
Williams FW16B Renault RS6 3.5 V10 BRA PAC SMR MON ESP
Ret CAN
5 FRA GBR
5 GER
Ret HUN
Ret BEL
4 ITA
6 POR
2 EUR JPN AUS 8th 14
1995 Rothmans Williams Renault Williams FW17
Williams FW17B Renault RS7 3.0 V10 BRA
2 ARG
Ret SMR
4 ESP
Ret MON
Ret CAN
Ret FRA
3 GBR
3 GER
2 HUN
2 BEL
Ret ITA
Ret POR
1 EUR
3 PAC
2 JPN
Ret AUS
Ret 3rd 49
1996 Marlboro McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4/11
McLaren MP4/11B Mercedes FO 110 3.0 V10 AUS
Ret BRA
Ret ARG
7 EUR
3 SMR
Ret MON
2 ESP
Ret CAN
4 FRA
6 GBR
5 GER
5 HUN
Ret BEL
Ret ITA
Ret POR
13 JPN
8 7th 18
1997 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4/12 Mercedes FO 110E/F 3.0 AUS
1 BRA
10 ARG
Ret SMR
Ret MON
Ret ESP
6 CAN
7 FRA
7 GBR
4 GER
Ret HUN
Ret BEL
Ret ITA
1 AUT
2 LUX
Ret JPN
10 EUR
2 3rd 36
1998 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4/13 Mercedes FO 110G 3.0 V10 AUS
2 BRA
2 ARG
6 SMR
1 ESP
2 MON
Ret CAN
Ret FRA
6 GBR
Ret AUT
2 GER
2 HUN
2 BEL
7 ITA
Ret LUX
3 JPN
3 3rd 56
1999 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4/14 Mercedes FO 110H 3.0 V10 AUS
Ret BRA
Ret SMR
2 MON
Ret ESP
2 CAN
7 FRA
Ret GBR
1 AUT
2 GER
5 HUN
2 BEL
1 ITA
5 EUR
Ret MAL
Ret JPN
Ret 4th 48
2000 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4/15 Mercedes FO 110J 3.0 V10 AUS
Ret BRA
DSQ SMR
3 GBR
1 ESP
2 EUR
3 MON
1 CAN
7 FRA
1 AUT
2 GER
3 HUN
3 BEL
4 ITA
Ret USA
5 JPN
3 MAL
2 3rd 73
2001 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4-16 Mercedes FO 110K 3.0 V10 AUS
2 MAL
3 BRA
1 SMR
2 ESP
5 AUT
1 MON
5 CAN
Ret EUR
3 FRA
4 GBR
Ret GER
Ret HUN
3 BEL
2 ITA
Ret USA
3 JPN
3 2nd 65
2002 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4-17 Mercedes FO 110M 3.0 V10 AUS
Ret MAL
Ret BRA
3 SMR
6 ESP
3 AUT
6 MON
1 CAN
2 EUR
Ret GBR
10 FRA
3 GER
5 HUN
5 BEL
4 ITA
7 USA
3 JPN
Ret 5th 41
2003 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4-17D Mercedes FO 110M/P 3.0 AUS
1 MAL
Ret BRA
4 SMR
5 ESP
Ret AUT
5 MON
7 CAN
Ret EUR
15 FRA
5 GBR
5 GER
2 HUN
5 ITA
Ret USA
Ret JPN
3 7th 51
2004 West McLaren Mercedes McLaren MP4-19 Mercedes FO 110Q 3.0 V10 AUS
8 MAL
6 BHR
Ret SMR
12 ESP
10 MON
Ret EUR
Ret CAN
6 USA
7 10th 24
McLaren MP4-19B FRA
6 GBR
7 GER
4 HUN
9 BEL
7 ITA
6 CHN
9 JPN
Ret BRA
11
2005 Red Bull Racing Red Bull RB1 Cosworth TJ2005 3.0 V10 AUS
4 MAL
6 BHR
8 SMR
11 ESP
8 MON
Ret EUR
4 CAN
7 USA
DNS FRA
10 GBR
13 GER
7 HUN
Ret TUR
7 ITA
15 BEL
Ret BRA
Ret JPN
6 CHN
9 12th 24
2006 Red Bull Racing Red Bull RB2 Ferrari 056 2.4 V8 BHR
10 MAL
Ret AUS
8 SMR
Ret EUR
Ret ESP
14 MON
3 GBR
12 CAN
8 USA
7 FRA
9 GER
11 HUN
5 TUR
15 ITA
12 CHN
9 JPN
Ret BRA
Ret 13th 14
2007 Red Bull Racing Red Bull RB3 Renault RS27 2.4 V8 AUS
Ret MAL
Ret BHR
Ret ESP
5 MON
14 CAN
Ret USA
Ret FRA
13 GBR
11 EUR
5 HUN
11 TUR
10 ITA
Ret BEL
Ret JPN
4 CHN
8 BRA
9 10th 14
2008 Red Bull Racing Red Bull RB4 Renault RS27 2.4 V8 AUS
Ret MAL
9 BHR
18 ESP
12 TUR
9 MON
Ret CAN
3 FRA
9 GBR
Ret GER
13 HUN
11 EUR
17 BEL
11 ITA
16 SIN
7 JPN
Ret CHN
10 BRA
Ret 16th 8

[edit] References
^ a b http://qosfc.com/HeadlineNews/ViewFullStory/tabid/151/selectmoduleid/498/ArticleID/842/reftab/36/Default.aspx Allan McNish interview on qosfc.com
^ http://www.teamdan.com/archive/1994/decem94.html
^ http://www.teamdan.com/archive/1995/august95.html
^ "Coulthard extends Red Bull deal". news.bbc.co.uk. 2007-07-06. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/6277580.stm. Retrieved 2007-07-06.
^ "Coulthard announces retirement from F1". autosport.com. 2008-07-03. http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/68798. Retrieved 2008-07-03.
^ "David Coulthard blog". http://www.davidcoulthard.co.uk/blog/default.asp?Display=51. Retrieved 2008-11-03.
^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/7745347.stm
^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/motorsport/formulaone/5049227/David-Coulthard-on-stand-by-as-Red-Bull-reserve.html
^ BBC News | SCOTLAND | Coulthard survives plane crash
^ "Sundaymirror.co.uk". Sundaymirror.co.uk. http://www.sundaymirror.co.uk/news/tm_objectid=17075504%26method=full%26siteid=62484%26headline=exclusive%2d%2d7m%2dcoulthard%2ddumped%2dme%2d%2d%2dthen%2dwanted%2dhis%2d%2dpound%2d15k%2dmini%2dback%2d%2d-name_page.html.
^ "Coulthard to marry true love". itv-f1.com. 2006-06-12. http://www.itv-f1.com/News_Article.aspx?PO_ID=36267. Retrieved 2007-06-01.
^ "Coulthard reveals bulimia battle". news.bbc.co.uk. 2007-08-20. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/6954569.stm. Retrieved 2007-08-21.
^ "Coulthard Mk II makes his mark". news.bbc.co.uk. 2002-01-07. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/1746601.stm. Retrieved 2007-08-21.
[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: David Coulthard
Official Site
Article on Coulthard's race preparation
Statistics at planet-f1.com
David Coulthard Statistics at f1db.com
BBC article on plane crash
Interview with Coulthard, mentions breakup.
David Coulthard statistics
Crash Investigator : 1995 Australia, David Coulthard
Sporting positions
Preceded by
None Formula Three Masters Winner
1991 Succeeded by
Pedro Lamy
Preceded by
Michael Schumacher Macau Grand Prix Winner
1991 Succeeded by
Rickard Rydell
Awards and achievements
Preceded by
Allan McNish Autosport
British Club Driver of the Year
1989 Succeeded by
Warren Hughes
Preceded by
None McLaren Autosport BRDC Award
1989 Succeeded by
Gareth Rees
Preceded by
Damon Hill Autosport
British Competition Driver of the Year
1994 Succeeded by
Damon Hill
Preceded by
Ivan Capelli (1992) Lorenzo Bandini Trophy
1995 Succeeded by
Jacques Villeneuve
Preceded by
Jacques Villeneuve Hawthorn Memorial Trophy
1998 Succeeded by
Eddie Irvine
Preceded by
Eddie Irvine Hawthorn Memorial Trophy
2000-2003 Succeeded by
Jenson Button
Preceded by
Eddie Irvine Autosport
British Competition Driver of the Year
2000–2002 Succeeded by
Jenson Button
v • d • e Red Bull Racing

Personnel: Dietrich Mateschitz | Christian Horner | Adrian Newey
Former Personnel: Geoff Willis

Current drivers: Mark Webber | Sebastian Vettel | David Coulthard



Formula One cars: RB1 | RB2 | RB3 | RB4 | RB5

v • d • e Scuderia Toro Rosso

Personnel: Franz Tost | Giorgio Ascanelli | Alex Hitzinger

Former personnel: Gerhard Berger

Current drivers: Jaime Alguersuari | Sébastien Buemi

Formula One cars: STR1 | STR2/STR2B | STR3 | STR4


v • d • eWinners of the Chris Bristow Trophy for the McLaren Autosport BRDC Award

1989: David Coulthard · 1990: Gareth Rees · 1991: Oliver Gavin · 1992: Dario Franchitti · 1993: Ralph Firman · 1994: Jamie Davies · 1995: Jonny Kane · 1996: Darren Turner · 1997: Andrew Kirkaldy · 1998: Jenson Button · 1999: Gary Paffett · 2000: Anthony Davidson · 2001: Steven Kane · 2002: Jamie Green · 2003: Alex Lloyd · 2004: Paul di Resta · 2005: Oliver Jarvis · 2006: Oliver Turvey · 2007: Stefan Wilson · 2008: Alexander Sims






Persondata
NAME Coulthard, David Marshall
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION British Formula One racing driver
DATE OF BIRTH 27 March 1971
PLACE OF BIRTH Twynholm, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH


Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Coulthard"
Categories: Scottish racecar drivers | Scottish Formula One drivers | British Formula Three Championship drivers | People from Dumfries and Galloway | 1971 births | Living people | Survivors of aviation accidents or incidents | BRDC Gold Star winners | Kart racing drivers | Monaco Grand Prix winners | Formula Ford drivers | Red Bull Racing | McLaren Formula One drivers | 24 Hours of Le Mans drivers | British Touring Car Championship drivers | McLaren Autosport BRDC Award nominees | International Formula 3000 drivers | British expatriates in Monaco
Hidden categories: Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from November 2008 | Articles with unsourced statements from March 2008
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From 2009, Coulthard has worked on the BBC's F1 coverage as an expert summarizer (pundit).[7] He was also the Red Bull Racing reserve driver for the first two Grands Prix of the 2009 season and is remaining with the team as a consultant.[8]

At the 2008 Race of Champions, Coulthard made the final only to lose out to Sébastien Loeb.

[edit] Personal life
Coulthard has lived for some time in the tax haven principality of Monaco, and also owns homes in London, Belgium and Switzerland. He owns several luxury hotels in Britain and Monaco, including the Columbus, which is located in Monaco's Fontvieille.

On 2 May 2000, while leasing the Learjet of friend David Murray, the aeroplane developed engine trouble while enroute to Côte d'Azur International Airport in Nice, and crashed while attempting an emergency landing at Lyon-Satolas airport, France. Coulthard, his then girlfriend the American model Heidi Wichlinski and personal trainer/bodyguard Andy Matthews survived; whilst Murray's personal pilot David Saunders and co-pilot Dan Worley died.[9]

According to tabloid reports, Coulthard has been associated with a number of women.[citation needed] However, in a BBC interview, Coulthard vigorously denied these claims, stating that the tabloid reports were "out of date and inaccurate." He has been associated with a string of women, including supermodel Heidi Klum, Lady Victoria Hervey, and models Andrea Murray and Ruth Taylor. He has been engaged to models Heidi Wichlinski and Simone Abdelnour.[10]

On 2 June 2006, He became engaged to Karen Minier, a Belgian Formula One correspondent for French TV channel TF1 The couple planned to marry "in the near future".[11] On 14 July 2008, in his ITV F1 column, Coulthard confirmed that he and Karen were expecting their first child, a boy. Dayton Minier Coulthard was born on November 20, 2008, weighing 2.8 kilograms (6 lb 3 oz).

The museum in his home village dedicated to Coulthard is currently independently run by local fan Wendy McKenzie after previously being run by Coulthard's family. It is now the home of the "Twynosi" (a cross between Twynholm and Italian Ferrari fans, the Tifosi), who gather on race days.

On 7 August 2007, Coulthard released his autobiography, entitled It is What It Is. In it, he admits that he suffered from bulimia as a teenager.[12]

Coulthard's second cousin, New Zealander Fabian Coulthard, is also a racing driver,[13] currently racing in the Australian V8 Supercar Championship Series for Glenfords Racing.

He was also the best man at the wedding of Amanda Holden and Chris Hughes

Asiatic peafowl like the Indian Blue Peafowl, and especially the Green Peafowl, occupy a similar niche as the roadrunners, Secretary Bird, and seriemas. All of these birds hunt for small animals including arthropods on the ground and tall grass and minnows in shallow streams.

Because of human encroachment into their natural territories, peafowl and humans have come into increasing contact. Because of their natural beauty some are reluctant to classify the birds as pests but their presence can be disturbing.

Close-up of a male Indian Peafowl's plumageThe male (peacock) Indian Peafowl has iridescent blue-green or green coloured plumage. The so-called "tail" of the peacock, also termed the "train," is not the tail quill feathers but highly elongated upper tail coverts. The train feathers have a series of eyes that are best seen when the tail is fanned. Both species have a crest atop the head.

The female (peahen) Indian Peafowl has a mixture of dull green, brown, and grey in her plumage. She lacks the long upper tail coverts of the male but has a crest. The female can also display her plumage to ward off female competition or danger to her young.

The Green Peafowl is different in appearance to the Indian Peafowl. The male has green and gold plumage and has an erect crest. The wings are black with a sheen of blue.

Unlike the Indian Peafowl, the Green Peahen is very similar to the male, only having shorter upper tail coverts and less iridescence. It is very hard to tell a juvenile male from an adult female.

Many of the brilliant colours of the peacock plumage are due to an optical interference phenomenon (Bragg reflection) based on (nearly) periodic nanostructures found in the barbules (fiber-like components) of the feathers.

Different colours correspond to different length scales of the periodic structures. For brown feathers, a mixture of red and blue is required: one colour is created by the periodic structure, and the other is a created by a Fabry-Perot interference peak from reflections off the outermost and innermost boundaries of the periodic structure.

Such interference-based structural colour is especially important in producing the peacock's iridescent hues (which shimmer and change with viewing angle), since interference effects depend upon the angle of light, unlike chemical pigments.

Coulthard signing autographs at the 2005 Goodwood Festival of Speed.Red Bull Racing were attracted by Coulthard's experience and signed him for the 2005 Formula One season. He was teamed with the inexperienced Christian Klien and Vitantonio Liuzzi. Coulthard's contract at Red Bull Racing was also extended prior to the 2005 British Grand Prix, prolonging his Formula One career to at least the end of 2006. Coulthard's stint at Red Bull was a renewal for the Scottish driver, who scored points in many races and became one of the more outspoken and media savvy drivers.[citation needed]

For 2006, Coulthard continued at Red Bull, partnered again with Christian Klien. The team were powered by Ferrari engines, with a contract for Renault engines agreed for 2007 during the 2006 season. Technical director Adrian Newey joined the team from McLaren to design the 2007 car. These positive developments led Coulthard to state that he wished to remain with the team after the 2006 season, and to add to his victory tally with them.[citation needed] On 7 August 2006, the day after the Hungarian Grand Prix where Coulthard finished 5th, it was announced the he had extended his contract with Red Bull Racing for 2007 and would be teamed up with Mark Webber.

Coulthard is the highest-scoring British driver ever with 535 points, beating Nigel Mansell's previous record of 482 points. At the 2006 Spanish Grand Prix he also became the 8th member of Formula One's "200 Club", joining Riccardo Patrese, Michael Schumacher, Rubens Barrichello, Gerhard Berger, Andrea de Cesaris, Nelson Piquet and Jean Alesi in the list of drivers to have competed in 200 Grands Prix. In the 2006 Monaco Grand Prix, Coulthard scored his first podium finish with Red Bull Racing, his best result with the team and also the team's first podium finish. During the trophy presentation, Coulthard wore a red cape as the team was promoting the film "Superman Returns".

After a slow start to the 2007 season, Coulthard delivered two strong drives at the Bahrain Grand Prix and the Spanish Grand Prix where he picked up the team's first points of the season. On 6 July 2007, Red Bull Racing announced that Coulthard's contract had been extended to the end of 2008.[4]


Coulthard driving for RBR at the 2008 Canadian Grand Prix, where he scored his second podium finish for the teamCoulthard had a bad start to his 2008 campaign after a racing incident with Massa. The Sun newspaper had Coulthard quoting his dissatisfaction with the move itself and Massa's unwillingness to admit fault.

"I know I screwed up the same way with Alex [Wurz] last year, and took full responsibility for it, and I would expect Felipe to do the same. If he doesn't, I'm going to kick three colours of shit out of the little bastard.".
David Coulthard, 2008, after tangling with Felipe Massa.
At the second race in Malaysia Coulthard suffered a bad suspension failure which saw his Red Bull team investigated for car safety. Although cleared to drive, the lack of testing time had a negative impact on his race performance, managing only a 9th place finish. Despite a series of poor performances over the course of the 2008 season he came back and managed to secure a hard fought 3rd place at the 2008 Canadian Grand Prix, the 62nd podium finish of his Formula One career.

On the Thursday before the 2008 British Grand Prix, Coulthard announced that he would retire at the end of the season, but will remain at Red Bull as a consultant. He retired on lap 1 after colliding with Sebastian Vettel, the driver that would replace at Red Bull in 2009, in his last British Grand Prix.[5]

For Coulthard's final race, he competed in a car with a one-off livery promoting the charity "Wings for Life". In the event, Coulthard retired in the second corner on the first lap after he was hit from behind by Nico Rosberg's Williams. In his final website blog before the race, Coulthard said, "I was thinking of asking the drivers to keep well clear of me into turn 1 to give me a better chance of finishing my last GP but I know all too well that when the lights go out racing instincts take over."[6]

Coulthard's last season in Formula One was filled with frequent crashes, mostly not his own fault. By his own admission, his poor qualifying performances put him in the middle of the pack where bumps and scrapes are common place. After only scoring 8 points in his final season, Coulthard remained characteristically appreciative of what F1 had given him over the last 15 years.

Coulthard driving for the McLaren team at the 1998 Canadian Grand Prix.In 1996, Coulthard contracted with McLaren to drive alongside future champion Mika Häkkinen. His first season with McLaren was unremarkable, as the Mercedes-powered team struggled to find speed. He led at Imola and lost out to an inspired Olivier Panis at Monaco.

In 1997, in his second year with McLaren, he finished the drivers championship tied with Jean Alesi for third place (after the disqualification of Michael Schumacher). He had taken two wins and could have added more, but for problems. At Montreal he was leading, but was brought into the pits for a precautionary stop. Coulthard stalled his engine twice whilst trying to exit the pits, losing his lead in the process. What made this even more frustrating for Coulthard was that the race was stopped just a few minutes later due to Olivier Panis' crash. If Coulthard had not pitted, he would have won the race. At Jerez, Coulthard was running in 2nd place towards the end of the race and was catching race leader Jacques Villeneuve after his earlier collision with Michael Schumacher. Due to team orders, Coulthard was forced by McLaren to allow his teammate, who was running close behind him, into 2nd place. On the final lap of the race, Villeneuve let both McLarens by and Coulthard thus felt he maybe should have won the race.

In 1998, the McLaren was consistently the fastest car on track, but it was Häkkinen who made the most of it, winning the title. Coulthard took just one win and spent most of the year in a supporting role.


Coulthard driving for McLaren at the 1999 Canadian Grand Prix.In 1999, a combination of under-performance and bad luck saw him finish the season in fourth place, and McLaren lost the constructors' title to Ferrari. Häkkinen became champion, whilst Coulthard won twice. In 2000, he was involved in a tight battle for the drivers championship with Schumacher and Häkkinen, but eventually fell out of contention into a disappointing third place finish. In 2001 he finished the year in second place, but with barely half the points (65) tallied by runaway winner Schumacher (123).

Coulthard's subsequent years at McLaren, from 2002 through 2004, were disappointing as well, as he was regularly out-paced by younger teammate Kimi Räikkönen. Many of Coulthard's critics argue that his decline began in 2003[citation needed], when the FIA introduced the single-lap qualifying format. Since his Formula Three days, Coulthard had the reputation of being a poor qualifier. He openly admitted that he did not like the format and was a vocal opponent of it. With the announcement that Juan Pablo Montoya was to join McLaren in 2005 alongside Räikkönen, 2004 was to be Coulthard's last year with the team. A poor tenth place finish in the final 2004 standings (24 points, equal with the injured Ralf Schumacher) had not helped Coulthard's cause for 2005 either.

[edit] 1994-1995: Williams

Coulthard driving for the Williams team at the 1994 British Grand Prix.
Coulthard driving for Williams at the 1995 British Grand Prix.In 1993, Coulthard became test driver for the world champion Formula One team Williams-Renault and played an important role in advancing the car's technology. For 1994 he stayed with Williams as tester, but following Ayrton Senna's death at Imola, he was promoted to the race team alongside Damon Hill for the Spanish Grand Prix. He spent much of the season driving the second car, but had to step aside for ex-champion Nigel Mansell on four occasions. Renault were keen to have a big name in the second Williams, and Mansell, at that time reigning Indycar champion, fitted the bill. Coulthard showed flashes of speed, but errors and bad luck saw him take just one podium, a second-place finish at Estoril. For the last three races he had to sit back and watch Mansell take his place, but it was he, and not Mansell, who would race for Williams full-time in 1995.

Entering the 1995 season, Coulthard was forced by the FOCA Contract Recognition Board to fulfill his contract with Williams despite having an option to race for McLaren that season.[2]

The 1995 season saw Coulthard win the 1995 Portuguese Grand Prix. There were other races where he could have won, but poor luck and mistakes once more cost him. He did score five pole positions, four of them consecutively. However, some unforced errors tarnished his season: at Monza he spun off on the formation lap, whilst in Adelaide he crashed coming into the pits.

When Williams firmed up their driver lineup for 1996 in July 1995, Coulthard was not picked up, freeing him to go elsewhere.[3]

[edit] Pre-Formula One

Coulthard's Formula 3000 car that he drove for Pacific Racing in the 1993 seasonCoulthard began karting at an early age. Allan McNish credited the start given to him, David Coulthard, and Dario Franchitti largely to David Leslie, senior and junior.[1]

Coulthard graduates to Formula Ford in 1989. He won the first ever McLaren/Autosport Young Driver of the Year award. In 1990, he suffered a broken leg at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, but came back the following year to win Formula Three races at Zandvoort, Netherlands and Macau, China. In 1992, he raced in the Formula 3000 series, finishing ninth, and in 1993 he improved to third overall.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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David Coulthard

Nationality British
Formula One World Championship career
Active years 1994–2008
Teams Williams, McLaren, Red Bull
Races 247 (246 starts)
Championships 0
Wins 13
Podiums 62
Career points 535
Pole positions 12
Fastest laps 18
First race 1994 Spanish Grand Prix
First win 1995 Portuguese Grand Prix
Last win 2003 Australian Grand Prix
Last race 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix
David Marshall Coulthard, often called DC, (born 27 March 1971 in Dumfries and raised nearby in Twynholm[1], both in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland) is a British former Formula One racing driver from Scotland. By virtue of a long career he has amassed a notable points haul, and lies seventh on the all-time scorers list, being the top British scorer. He has won thirteen grands prix, including two at Monaco.

The Lilly Belle on display at Disneyland Main Station in 1993. The caboose's woodwork was done entirely by Walt himself.Main article: Carolwood Pacific Railroad
During 1949, Disney and his family moved to a new home on a large piece of property in the Holmby Hills district of Los Angeles, California. With the help of his friends Ward and Betty Kimball, owners of their own backyard railroad, Disney developed blueprints and immediately set to work on creating a miniature live steam railroad for his backyard. The name of the railroad, Carolwood Pacific Railroad, originated from the address of his home that was located on Carolwood Drive. The railroad's half-mile long layout included a 46-foot (14 m)-long trestle, loops, overpasses, gradients, an elevated berm, and a 90-foot (27 m) tunnel underneath Mrs. Disney's flowerbed. He named the miniature working steam locomotive built by Roger E. Broggie of the Disney Studios Lilly Belle in his wife's honor. He had his attorney draw up right-of-way papers giving the railroad a permanent, legal easement through the garden areas, which his wife dutifully signed; However, there is no evidence of the documents ever recorded as a restriction on the property's title.

Expanding into new areas
As Walt Disney Productions began work on Disneyland, it also began expanding its other entertainment operations. In 1950, Treasure Island became the studio's first all-live-action feature, and was soon followed by 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (in CinemaScope, 1954), Old Yeller (1957), The Shaggy Dog (1959), Pollyanna (1960), Swiss Family Robinson (1960), The Absent-Minded Professor (1961), and The Parent Trap (1961). The Walt Disney Studio produced its first TV special, One Hour in Wonderland, in 1950. Disney began hosting a weekly anthology series on ABC named Disneyland after the park, where he showed clips of past Disney productions, gave tours of his studio, and familiarized the public with Disneyland as it was being constructed in Anaheim, California. The show also featured a Davy Crockett miniseries, which started a craze among the American youth known as the Davy Crockett craze, in which millions of coonskin caps and other Crockett memorabilia were sold across the country.[74] In 1955, the studio's first daily television show, Mickey Mouse Club debuted, which would continue in many various incarnations into the 1990s.

As the studio expanded and diversified into other media, Disney devoted less of his attention to the animation department, entrusting most of its operations to his key animators, whom he dubbed the Nine Old Men. During Disney's lifetime, the animation department created the successful Lady and the Tramp (in CinemaScope, 1955), Sleeping Beauty (in Super Technirama 70mm, 1959), One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961), and The Sword in the Stone (1963).

Production on the short cartoons had kept pace until 1956, when Disney shut down the shorts division. Special shorts projects would continue to be made for the rest of the studio's duration on an irregular basis. These productions were all distributed by Disney's new subsidiary, Buena Vista Distribution, which had assumed all distribution duties for Disney films from RKO by 1955. Disneyland, one of the world's first theme parks, finally opened on July 17, 1955, and was immediately successful. Visitors from around the world came to visit Disneyland, which contained attractions based upon a number of successful Disney properties and films.

After 1955, the show, Disneyland came to be known as Walt Disney Presents. The show transformed from black-and-white to color in 1961 and changed its name to Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color, moving from ABC to NBC,[75] and eventually evolving into its current form as The Wonderful World of Disney. It continued to air on NBC until 1981, when CBS picked it up.[76] Since then, it has aired on ABC, NBC, Hallmark Channel and Cartoon Network via separate broadcast rights deals. During its run, the Disney series offered some recurring characters, such as Roger Mobley appearing as the newspaper reporter and sleuth "Gallegher", based on the writing of Richard Harding Davis.

Disney had already formed his own music publishing division back in 1949. In 1956, partly inspired by the huge success of the television theme song The Ballad of Davy Crockett, he created a company-owned record production and distribution entity called Disneyland Records.

Walt Disney giving the opening day speech July 17, 1955.Disneyland officially opened July 17, 1955. Among the hundreds of people who came out for the glorious opening were Ronald Reagan, Bob Cummings and the mayor of Anaheim. Opening day was taped candidly, with host Art Linkletter. Walt's historical opening day speech went as such,

“ To all who come to this happy place; welcome. Disneyland is your land. Here age relives fond memories of the past...and here youth may savor the challenge and promise of the future. Disneyland is dedicated to the ideals, the dreams and the hard facts that have created America...with the hope that it will be a source of joy and inspiration to all the world. ”

Walt Disney introduces each of the Seven Dwarfs in a scene from the original 1937 Snow White theatrical trailer.After the creation of two cartoon series, Disney soon began plans for a full-length feature in 1934. In 1935, opinion polls showed that another cartoon series, Popeye the Sailor, produced by Max Fleischer, was more popular than Mickey Mouse.[55] Disney was, however, able to put Mickey back on top, and also increase Mickey's popularity further by colorizing him and partially redesigning him into what was considered to be his most appealing design up to this point in time.[36] When the film industry came to know about Disney's plans to produce an animated feature-length version of Snow White, they dubbed the project as "Disney's Folly" and were certain that the project would destroy the Disney studio. Both Lillian and Roy tried to talk Disney out of the project, but he continued plans for the feature. He employed Chouinard Art Institute professor Don Graham to start a training operation for the studio staff, and used the Silly Symphonies as a platform for experiments in realistic human animation, distinctive character animation, special effects, and the use of specialized processes and apparatus such as the multiplane camera; Disney would first use this new technique in the 1937 Silly Symphonies short The Old Mill.[56]

All of this development and training was used to elevate the quality of the studio so that it would be able to give the feature film the quality Disney desired. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, as the feature was named, was in full production from 1934 until mid-1937, when the studio ran out of money. To acquire the funding to complete Snow White, Disney had to show a rough cut of the motion picture to loan officers at the Bank of America, who gave the studio the money to finish the picture. The finished film premiered at the Carthay Circle Theater on December 21, 1937; at the conclusion of the film, the audience gave Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs a standing ovation. Snow White, the first animated feature in English and Technicolor, was released in February 1938 under a new distribution deal with RKO Radio Pictures; RKO had previously been the distributor for Disney cartoons in 1936, after it closed down the Van Beuren Studios in exchange for distribution.[57] The film became the most successful motion picture of 1938 and earned over $8 million in its original theatrical release

Following the footsteps of Mickey Mouse series, a series of musical shorts titled, Silly Symphonies was released in 1929. The first of these was titled The Skeleton Dance and was entirely drawn and animated by Iwerks, who was also responsible for drawing the majority of cartoons released by Disney in 1928 and 1929. Although both series were successful, the Disney studio was not seeing its rightful share of profits from Pat Powers,[40] and in 1930, Disney signed a new distribution deal with Columbia Pictures. The original basis of the cartoons were musical novelty, and Carl Stalling wrote the score for the first Silly Symphony cartoons as well.[41]

Iwerks was soon lured by Powers into opening his own studio with an exclusive contract. Later, Carl Stalling would also leave Disney to join Iwerks' new studio.[42] Iwerks launched his Flip the Frog series with first voice cartoon in color, "Fiddlesticks," filmed in two-strip Technicolor. Iwerks also created two other series of cartoons, the Willie Whopper and the Comicolor. In 1936, Iwerks shut his studio to work on various projects dealing with animation technology. He would return to Disney in 1940 and, would go on to pioneer a number of film processes and specialized animation technologies in the studio's research and development department.

By 1932, Mickey Mouse had become quite a popular cinema character, but Silly Symphonies was not as successful. The same year also saw competition for Disney grow worse as Max Fleischer's flapper cartoon character, Betty Boop, would gain more popularity among theater audiences.[43] Fleischer was considered to be Disney's main rival in the 1930s,[44] and was also the father of Richard Fleischer, whom Disney would later hire to direct his 1954 film 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. Meanwhile, Columbia Pictures dropped the distribution of Disney cartoons and was replaced by United Artists.[45] In late 1932, Herbert Kalmus, who had just completed work on the first three-strip technicolor camera,[46] approached Walt and convinced him to redo Flowers and Trees, which was originally done in black and white, with three-strip Technicolor.[47] Flowers and Trees would go on to be a phenomenal success and would also win the first Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons for 1932. After Flowers and Trees was released, all future Silly Symphony cartoons were done in color as well. Disney was also able to negotiate a two-year deal with Technicolor, giving him the sole right to use three-strip Technicolor,[48][49] which would also eventually be extended to five years as well.[41] Through Silly Symphonies, Disney would also create his most successful cartoon short of all time, The Three Little Pigs, in 1933.[50] The cartoon ran in theaters for many months, and also featured the hit song that became the anthem of the Great Depression, "Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf".[51]

Main article: Mickey Mouse
After losing the rights to Oswald, Disney felt the need to develop a new character to replace him. He based the character on a mouse he had adopted as a pet while working in a Kansas City studio.[36] Ub Iwerks reworked on the sketches made by Disney so that it was easier to animate it. However, Mickey's voice and personality was provided by Disney. In the words of a Disney employee, "Ub designed Mickey's physical appearance, but Walt gave him his soul."[36] Besides Oswald and Mickey, a similar mouse-character is seen in Alice Comedies which featured a mouse named Ike the Mouse, and the first Flip the Frog cartoon called Fiddlesticks, which showed a Mickey Mouse look-alike playing fiddle. The initial films were animated by Iwerks, his name was prominently featured on the title cards. The mouse was originally named "Mortimer", but later christened "Mickey Mouse" by Lillian Disney who thought that the name Mortimer did not fit. Mortimer later became the name of Mickey's rival for Minnie, who was taller than his renowned adversary and had a Brooklyn accent.

The first animated short with Mickey in it was titled, Plane Crazy, which was, like all of Disney's previous works, a silent film. After failing to find a distributor for Plane Crazy or its follow-up, The Gallopin' Gaucho, Disney created a Mickey cartoon with sound called Steamboat Willie. A businessman named Pat Powers provided Disney with both distribution and Cinephone, a sound-synchronization process. Steamboat Willie became an instant success,[37] and Plane Crazy, The Galloping Gaucho, and all future Mickey cartoons were released with soundtracks. Disney himself provided the vocal effects for the earliest cartoons and performed as the voice of Mickey Mouse until 1946. After the release of Steamboat Willie, Walt Disney would continue to successfully use sound in all of his future cartoons, and Cinephone became the new distributor for Disney's early sound cartoons as well.[38] Mickey soon eclipsed Felix the Cat as the world's most popular cartoon character.[36] By 1930, Felix, now in sound, had faded from the screen, as his sound cartoons failed to gain attention.[39] Mickey's popularity would now skyrocket in the early 1930s.[36]

Main article: Mickey Mouse
After losing the rights to Oswald, Disney felt the need to develop a new character to replace him. He based the character on a mouse he had adopted as a pet while working in a Kansas City studio.[36] Ub Iwerks reworked on the sketches made by Disney so that it was easier to animate it. However, Mickey's voice and personality was provided by Disney. In the words of a Disney employee, "Ub designed Mickey's physical appearance, but Walt gave him his soul."[36] Besides Oswald and Mickey, a similar mouse-character is seen in Alice Comedies which featured a mouse named Ike the Mouse, and the first Flip the Frog cartoon called Fiddlesticks, which showed a Mickey Mouse look-alike playing fiddle. The initial films were animated by Iwerks, his name was prominently featured on the title cards. The mouse was originally named "Mortimer", but later christened "Mickey Mouse" by Lillian Disney who thought that the name Mortimer did not fit. Mortimer later became the name of Mickey's rival for Minnie, who was taller than his renowned adversary and had a Brooklyn accent.

The first animated short with Mickey in it was titled, Plane Crazy, which was, like all of Disney's previous works, a silent film. After failing to find a distributor for Plane Crazy or its follow-up, The Gallopin' Gaucho, Disney created a Mickey cartoon with sound called Steamboat Willie. A businessman named Pat Powers provided Disney with both distribution and Cinephone, a sound-synchronization process. Steamboat Willie became an instant success,[37] and Plane Crazy, The Galloping Gaucho, and all future Mickey cartoons were released with soundtracks. Disney himself provided the vocal effects for the earliest cartoons and performed as the voice of Mickey Mouse until 1946. After the release of Steamboat Willie, Walt Disney would continue to successfully use sound in all of his future cartoons, and Cinephone became the new distributor for Disney's early sound cartoons as well.[38] Mickey soon eclipsed Felix the Cat as the world's most popular cartoon character.[36] By 1930, Felix, now in sound, had faded from the screen, as his sound cartoons failed to gain attention.[39] Mickey's popularity would now skyrocket in the early 1930s.[36]

Disney as an ambulance driver during World War I.In 1917, Elias acquired shares in the O-Zell jelly factory in Chicago and moved his family back there.[13] In the fall, Disney began his freshman year at McKinley High School and began taking night courses at the Chicago Art Institute.[14] Disney became the cartoonist for the school newspaper. His cartoons were very patriotic, focusing on World War I. Disney dropped out of high school at the age of sixteen to join the Army, but the army rejected him because he was underage.[15]

After his rejection from the army, Walt and one of his friends decided to join the Red Cross.[16] Soon after he joined The Red Cross, Walt was sent to France for a year, where he drove an ambulance.[17]

In 1919, Walt, hoping to find work outside the Chicago Ozell factory,[18] left home and moved back to Kansas City to begin his artistic career.[19] After considering becoming an actor or a newspaper artist, he decided he wanted to create a career in the newspaper, drawing political caricatures or comic strips. But when nobody wanted to hire him as either an artist or even as an ambulance driver, his brother Roy, who worked at a bank in the area, got a temporary job for him at the Pesmen-Rubin Art Studio through a bank colleague .[19] At Pesmen-Rubin, Disney created ads for newspapers, magazines, and movie theaters.[20] It was here that he met a cartoonist named Ubbe Iwerks.[21] When their time at the Pesmen-Rubin Art Studio expired, they were both without a job, and they decided to start their own commercial company.[22]

In January 1920, Disney and Iwerks formed a short-lived company called, "Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists". However, following a rough start, Disney left temporarily to earn money at Kansas City Film Ad Company, and was soon joined by Iwerks who was not able to run the business alone.[23] While working for the Kansas City Film Ad Company, where he made commercials based on cutout animation, Disney took up an interest in the field of animation, and decided to become an animator.[24] He was allowed by the owner of the Ad Company, A.V. Cauger, to borrow a camera from work, which he could use to experiment with at home. After reading a book by Edwin G. Lutz, called Animated Cartoons: How They Are Made, Their Origin and Development, he found cel animation to be much more promising than the cutout animation he was doing for Cauger. Walt eventually decided to open his own animation business,[25] and recruited a fellow co-worker at the Kansas City Film Ad Company, Fred Harman, as his first employee.[25] Walt and Harman then secured a deal with local theater owner Frank L. Newman-arguably the most popular "showman" in the Kansas City area at the time-[26] to air their cartoons — which they titled "Laugh-O-Grams" — at his local theater.[26]